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The d- and f-Block Elements CBSE Class 12 MCQ & Practice Questions

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The d- and f-Block Elements Revision Guide for CBSE Class 12 Chemistry

The d- and f-Block Elements is part of CBSE Class 12 Chemistry preparation. A strong revision plan should combine concept review with exam-style questions so that definitions, relationships, calculations and exceptions are recalled accurately.

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Important Topics

  • Core definitions and principles
  • Important equations or relationships
  • Common applications and examples
  • Frequently confused concepts
  • Exam-style multiple-choice questions
  • Error review and targeted revision

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What to practise in The d- and f-Block Elements

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Top 20 The d- and f-Block Elements MCQs with Answers

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CBSE Class 12 Chemistry · The d- and f-Block Elements · Very Very Hard

1. The general electronic configuration of d-block elements is:

  • A. (n−1)d¹–¹⁰ns⁰–²
  • B. ns²np¹–⁶
  • C. (n−2)f¹–¹⁴(n−1)d⁰–¹ns²
  • D. ns¹–²
Answer: A
Explanation: d-block elements have electrons entering the penultimate d-subshell.

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry · The d- and f-Block Elements · Very Very Hard

2. A transition element is one that has:

  • A. Completely filled d-orbitals in all states
  • B. Partially filled d-orbitals in its atom or common oxidation state
  • C. Only s-electrons
  • D. Only f-electrons
Answer: B
Explanation: Transition elements possess incomplete d-subshells in the atom or a common ion.

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry · The d- and f-Block Elements · Very Very Hard

3. Which is not considered a transition element?

  • A. Fe
  • B. Cu
  • C. Zn
  • D. Cr
Answer: C
Explanation: Zn and Zn²⁺ both have completely filled 3d¹⁰ configurations.

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry · The d- and f-Block Elements · Very Very Hard

4. The most common oxidation state of scandium is:

  • A. +1
  • B. +2
  • C. +3
  • D. +4
Answer: C
Explanation: Scandium commonly loses two 4s and one 3d electron to form Sc³⁺.

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry · The d- and f-Block Elements · Very Very Hard

5. The highest oxidation state shown by manganese is:

  • A. +2
  • B. +4
  • C. +6
  • D. +7
Answer: D
Explanation: Manganese shows +7 in permanganate, MnO₄⁻.

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry · The d- and f-Block Elements · Very Very Hard

6. Variable oxidation states of transition metals arise because:

  • A. ns and (n−1)d orbitals have comparable energies
  • B. They have no valence electrons
  • C. Only p-orbitals are involved
  • D. Their nuclei are unstable
Answer: A
Explanation: Both ns and (n−1)d electrons can participate in bonding.

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry · The d- and f-Block Elements · Very Very Hard

7. Which ion is colourless?

  • A. Ti³⁺
  • B. Cu²⁺
  • C. Sc³⁺
  • D. Ni²⁺
Answer: C
Explanation: Sc³⁺ has a d⁰ configuration, so no d–d transition is possible.

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry · The d- and f-Block Elements · Very Very Hard

8. The colour of many transition-metal ions is mainly due to:

  • A. s–s transitions
  • B. d–d transitions
  • C. Nuclear transitions
  • D. Proton transfer
Answer: B
Explanation: Absorption of visible light promotes electrons between split d-levels.

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry · The d- and f-Block Elements · Very Very Hard

9. Which ion is expected to be paramagnetic?

  • A. Zn²⁺
  • B. Sc³⁺
  • C. Ti³⁺
  • D. Cu⁺
Answer: C
Explanation: Ti³⁺ is 3d¹ and contains one unpaired electron.

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry · The d- and f-Block Elements · Very Very Hard

10. The magnetic moment of a transition-metal ion depends primarily on:

  • A. Number of paired electrons
  • B. Number of unpaired electrons
  • C. Atomic mass
  • D. Number of neutrons
Answer: B
Explanation: Spin-only magnetic moment depends on the number of unpaired electrons.

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry · The d- and f-Block Elements · Very Very Hard

11. Transition metals often form complexes because of:

  • A. Large size and low charge
  • B. Small size, high charge, and vacant orbitals
  • C. Absence of d-orbitals
  • D. Complete inertness
Answer: B
Explanation: High charge density and available orbitals favour coordination with ligands.

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry · The d- and f-Block Elements · Very Very Hard

12. Transition metals act as catalysts mainly because they:

  • A. Have fixed oxidation states
  • B. Can change oxidation state and adsorb reactants
  • C. Are always gases
  • D. Have no d-electrons
Answer: B
Explanation: Variable oxidation states and surface adsorption provide alternative pathways.

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry · The d- and f-Block Elements · Very Very Hard

13. Which alloy contains iron, chromium, and nickel?

  • A. Brass
  • B. Bronze
  • C. Stainless steel
  • D. Solder
Answer: C
Explanation: Stainless steel contains Fe with Cr and commonly Ni.

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry · The d- and f-Block Elements · Very Very Hard

14. The interstitial compounds of transition metals are generally:

  • A. Soft and volatile
  • B. Hard and high-melting
  • C. Water-soluble molecular solids
  • D. Non-conducting gases
Answer: B
Explanation: Small atoms occupy lattice holes, strengthening the metallic lattice.

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry · The d- and f-Block Elements · Very Very Hard

15. Potassium permanganate has manganese in oxidation state:

  • A. +2
  • B. +4
  • C. +6
  • D. +7
Answer: D
Explanation: K = +1 and O = −2, giving Mn = +7.

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry · The d- and f-Block Elements · Very Very Hard

16. In acidic medium, MnO₄⁻ is reduced mainly to:

  • A. MnO₂
  • B. Mn²⁺
  • C. MnO₄²⁻
  • D. Mn metal
Answer: B
Explanation: Acidic permanganate is reduced to nearly colourless Mn²⁺.

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry · The d- and f-Block Elements · Very Very Hard

17. In neutral or mildly alkaline medium, MnO₄⁻ is commonly reduced to:

  • A. Mn²⁺
  • B. MnO₂
  • C. MnO₄²⁻ only
  • D. Mn metal
Answer: B
Explanation: Brown MnO₂ is commonly formed in neutral or weakly alkaline medium.

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry · The d- and f-Block Elements · Very Very Hard

18. Potassium dichromate contains chromium in oxidation state:

  • A. +3
  • B. +4
  • C. +6
  • D. +7
Answer: C
Explanation: In Cr₂O₇²⁻, each chromium is +6.

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry · The d- and f-Block Elements · Very Very Hard

19. The colour of dichromate ion is:

  • A. Green
  • B. Orange
  • C. Yellow
  • D. Purple
Answer: B
Explanation: Cr₂O₇²⁻ is orange.

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry · The d- and f-Block Elements · Very Very Hard

20. The colour of chromate ion is:

  • A. Yellow
  • B. Orange
  • C. Purple
  • D. Blue
Answer: A
Explanation: CrO₄²⁻ is yellow.

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