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Thermodynamics CBSE Class 11 MCQ & Practice Questions

Practice Thermodynamics MCQs for CBSE Class 11 Chemistry with answers, explanations, chapter revision and related ChemNexa mock tests.

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Thermodynamics Revision Guide for CBSE Class 11 Chemistry

Thermodynamics relates heat, work, internal energy, enthalpy and spontaneity. It is best learned through sign conventions and state-function logic rather than isolated memorisation.

For CBSE Class 11 Chemistry, revise the first law, enthalpy changes, Hess law, entropy and Gibbs free energy, then practise conceptual and numerical MCQs together.

Important Topics

  • System, surroundings and state functions
  • First law of thermodynamics
  • Enthalpy and heat capacity
  • Hess law
  • Entropy
  • Gibbs free energy and spontaneity

Important Formulae & Relationships

  • ΔU = q + w
  • At constant pressure: qp = ΔH
  • ΔH = ΔU + ΔngRT (for ideal-gas reactions)
  • ΔG = ΔH − TΔS
  • ΔG° = −RT ln K

Use formulas only after checking the required units, sign convention and assumptions for the question.

What to practise in Thermodynamics

Concept Revision

Revise definitions, principles, equations, trends and core ideas from Thermodynamics before attempting MCQs.

Exam-style MCQs

Use chapter-focused multiple-choice practice to improve accuracy, recall and application for CBSE Class 11 Chemistry.

Performance Practice

Attempt ChemNexa tests, review results and return to weak areas for another round of targeted revision.

Top 17 Thermodynamics MCQs with Answers

These public questions are selected from the exact Thermodynamics chapter, screened for topic relevance and deduplicated so repeated versions of the same MCQ are not shown publicly. Use them for quick revision, then sign in to attempt the complete test experience with more questions, results and performance review.

CBSE Class 11 Chemistry · Thermodynamics · Very Very Hard

1. The first law of thermodynamics is:

  • A. ΔU=q+w
  • B. ΔH=q+w
  • C. ΔG=ΔH−TΔS
  • D. q=mcΔT
Answer: A
Explanation: Energy is conserved: ΔU=q+w.

CBSE Class 11 Chemistry · Thermodynamics · Very Very Hard

2. At constant pressure, heat exchanged equals:

  • A. ΔU
  • B. ΔH
  • C. ΔG
  • D. W
Answer: B
Explanation: qₚ=ΔH.

CBSE Class 11 Chemistry · Thermodynamics · Very Very Hard

3. State function among these:

  • A. q
  • B. w
  • C. ΔU
  • D. Path length
Answer: C
Explanation: Internal energy is a state function.

CBSE Class 11 Chemistry · Thermodynamics · Very Very Hard

4. Hess's law is based on conservation of:

  • A. Mass
  • B. Energy
  • C. Momentum
  • D. Charge
Answer: B
Explanation: Enthalpy is path independent.

CBSE Class 11 Chemistry · Thermodynamics · Very Very Hard

5. Spontaneous process tends to:

  • A. Decrease entropy of universe
  • B. Increase entropy of universe
  • C. Keep entropy zero
  • D. Decrease energy only
Answer: B
Explanation: Second law.

CBSE Class 11 Chemistry · Thermodynamics · Very Very Hard

6. Gibbs free energy equation:

  • A. ΔG=ΔH−TΔS
  • B. ΔG=ΔH+TΔS
  • C. ΔG=q+w
  • D. ΔG=PV
Answer: A
Explanation: Criterion for spontaneity.

CBSE Class 11 Chemistry · Thermodynamics · Very Very Hard

7. Reaction spontaneous if:

  • A. ΔG>0
  • B. ΔG<0
  • C. ΔG=0 always
  • D. ΔH<0 only
Answer: B
Explanation: Negative Gibbs energy.

CBSE Class 11 Chemistry · Thermodynamics · Very Very Hard

8. SI unit of enthalpy:

  • A. J
  • B. cal
  • C. atm
  • D. L
Answer: A
Explanation: Enthalpy is energy measured in joules.

CBSE Class 11 Chemistry · Thermodynamics · Very Very Hard

9. Standard enthalpy of formation refers to formation of:

  • A. 1 mol compound
  • B. 1 g compound
  • C. 1 atom
  • D. 1 L gas
Answer: A
Explanation: From elements in standard states.

CBSE Class 11 Chemistry · Thermodynamics · Very Very Hard

10. Bomb calorimeter measures:

  • A. ΔH
  • B. ΔU
  • C. Entropy
  • D. Free energy
Answer: B
Explanation: Constant-volume heat equals ΔU.

CBSE Class 11 Chemistry · Thermodynamics · Very Very Hard

11. Cp is generally:

  • A. <Cv
  • B. >Cv
  • C. =0
  • D. negative
Answer: B
Explanation: Cp=Cv+R for ideal gases.

CBSE Class 11 Chemistry · Thermodynamics · Very Very Hard

12. For an ideal gas:

  • A. Cp−Cv=R
  • B. Cp=Cv
  • C. Cv−Cp=R
  • D. Cp=2Cv
Answer: A
Explanation: Mayer's relation.

CBSE Class 11 Chemistry · Thermodynamics · Very Very Hard

13. ΔH of combustion is usually:

  • A. Positive
  • B. Negative
  • C. Zero
  • D. Variable only
Answer: B
Explanation: Combustion is exothermic.

CBSE Class 11 Chemistry · Thermodynamics · Very Very Hard

14. Internal energy depends primarily on:

  • A. Path
  • B. State
  • C. Catalyst
  • D. Time
Answer: B
Explanation: State property.

CBSE Class 11 Chemistry · Thermodynamics · Very Very Hard

15. Entropy is symbol:

  • A. H
  • B. S
  • C. G
  • D. U
Answer: B
Explanation: Standard notation.

CBSE Class 11 Chemistry · Thermodynamics · Very Very Hard

16. System plus surroundings:

  • A. Gain energy
  • B. Lose energy
  • C. Total energy constant
  • D. Random
Answer: C
Explanation: Energy conservation.

CBSE Class 11 Chemistry · Thermodynamics · Very Very Hard

17. Heat capacity unit:

  • A. J K⁻¹
  • B. J mol⁻¹ only
  • C. K J⁻¹
  • D. Pa
Answer: A
Explanation: Heat capacity per kelvin.

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Thermodynamics Practice Tests

Thermodynamics Frequently Asked Questions

What causes most Thermodynamics mistakes?

Sign conventions for heat and work, confusing state functions with path functions, and using inconsistent units are common sources of error.

What does negative ΔG indicate?

For a process under the stated conditions, negative Gibbs free-energy change indicates thermodynamic spontaneity.

How should I revise Thermodynamics?

Build a one-page sign-convention and formula sheet, then practise problems that require choosing the correct relation rather than only substituting numbers.

Continue with another chapter to build connected concepts and strengthen your overall Chemistry preparation.

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